It is located in central Italy, in the Lazio region, and has a rich history dating back to antiquity.
History
According to legend,Rome was founded in 753 BC by Romulus and Remus, twins raised by a she-wolf. It became the centre of the Roman Empire, which spread throughout Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Some of the most iconic buildings were built during this era, such as the Colosseum, the Roman Forum and the Pantheon.
After the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD, Rome went through a period of decline, but its importance remained due to the role of the Pope and the Catholic Church. In the Middle Ages and during the Renaissance, Rome became a centre of art, culture and architecture. Some of the most important Renaissance buildings were built during this time, including the Sistine Chapel and St. Peter's Basilica.
In the 19th century, Rome became the capital of unified Italy. Today it is a modern city with a rich cultural scene, universities, parks and a vibrant nightlife.
The main monuments
- Colosseum - The Colosseum is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous symbols of ancient Rome.gladiatorial fights, animal fights and public performances were held here. The capacity of the Colosseum was up to 80,000 spectators. Today, the Colosseum is one of the most visited tourist attractions in Rome and is considered one of the Seven New Wonders of the World.
- Pantheon - The Pantheon is an ancient temple dedicated to all the gods. It is famous for its huge dome with an opening (oculus) in the middle. The dome is 43.3 m in diameter, the same diameter as the height of the structure. It serves as a Catholic church and the final resting place of several important Italian kings and artists, including the painter Raphael.
- Roman Forum - The Roman Forum was the centre of political, commercial and religious life in ancient Rome.here were located important buildings and monuments such as the Curia (Senate), the Basilica Julia and the Temple of Saturn. Today the Roman Forum is a vast archaeological site.
- Vatican City - Vatican City is the smallest country in the world and the center of the Catholic Church. It houses the residence of the Pope and important religious buildings such as St. Peter's Basilica. It is the largest Catholic church in the world, with its dome dominating the skyline of Rome. It was built between 1506 and 1626 and contains many works of art, including Michelangelo's Pietà. It is also home to the Sistine Chapel. The chapel is famous for its frescoes, which depict scenes from the Bible, including the iconic ceiling and the Last Judgement by Michelangelo.
- Trevi Fountain - TheTrevi Fountain is a Baroque fountain completed in 1762 to a design by Nicola Salvi. According to tradition, visitors throw coins over their shoulder into the fountain to guarantee their return to Rome.the fountain is richly decorated with statues and reliefs depicting Neptune, god of the seas, and other mythological figures.
Cultural heritage
Rome is famous for its art, architecture and culture. The city is home to many museums, galleries and theatres. The most famous museums include the Vatican Museums, the Galleria Borghese and the Capitoline Museums.
Rome is also a centre for Italian cuisine, with many restaurants offering traditional dishes such as pasta carbonara, cacio e pepe and artichokes Roman style.
Contemporary life
Today's Rome is a lively and bustling city that attracts millions of tourists a year. It is also an important political, economic and cultural centre. The city offers diverse opportunities for education, work and play.
The transport system includes metro, buses and trams, making it easy to get around the city.
When visiting Rome, keep in mind that some sights require advance reservations. You can also take advantage of the so-called. You can use Romapass cards, which can be purchased for 48 or 72 hours and have many advantages (entry to up to 2 monuments included, free public transport, various discounts to exhibitions or other tourist events, and free use of the toilets in the city).
Rome is therefore one of the most important cities in the history of human civilization due to its extensive influence on law, politics, culture, art, religion and education. Its historical significance and cultural heritage continue to influence the modern world and attract the attention of people from all over the world.
