The mountain that decided the fate of Italy
Monte Grappa (1 776 m above sea level) was the scene of key battles after the tragic Battle of Caporetto in 1917, when the Italian army was forced to retreat to the Piave River. Monte Grappa formed the backbone of the new defensive line. If it fell, it would open the way to the plains and the possible collapse of the whole of Italy.
But the Italian troops held the mountain in spite of the adverse terrain, the cold and a strong enemy. Thousands of soldiers were killed in fierce fighting. And it is to them that the memorial is dedicated.
The memorial between heaven and earth
The monumental memorial, designed by architect Giovanni Greppi and sculptor Gianni Castiglione, was inaugurated in 1935. It consists of a spiralling circular structure of white stone, surrounded by arches and tombs, which symbolically points upwards towards the sky.
More than 22,000 bodies of fallen soldiers - both Italian and Austro-Hungarian - are laid to rest inside the memorial. Famous heroes have their names engraved, thousands more remain unknown but not forgotten. At the very top stands the Chapel of the Madonna of Monte Grappa, the spiritual heart of the entire structure.
A breathtaking view
Monte Grappa is not only a historical monument, but also a popular destination for nature lovers. On a clear day, it is possible to see all the way to the Adriatic Sea and, on the other side, the majestic Dolomites. The whole area is now part of a nature park, ideal for hiking, cycling and leisurely excursions.
Outdoor Museum of the First World War
Many trenches, bunkers, gun emplacements and commemorative plaques have been preserved around the memorial. All of them are reminders of the fierce fighting that took place here. Many of the hiking trails in the area are historical in nature and are suitable for families or school trips.
Today, Monte Grappa is a place of respect and silence. There are annual commemorative ceremonies, pilgrimages and educational programmes. A visit to the memorial recalls not only the horrors of war, but also the cost of peace and the courage of those who fought for their country.
Practical information for visitors
Monte Grappa can be reached by car, bicycle or on foot. The access road from Bassano del Grappa is beautiful but winding. There are refreshments at the car park.
We recommend bringing warmer clothes even in the summer months - the weather on the summit is often changeable.
There are also smaller museums and exhibitions dedicated to the war. The trip can be combined with a visit to the historic town of Bassano del Grappa or a walk along one of the military trails.
